The observer boundary
The observer boundary
INSIDE THE SYSTEM
System output
Same system re-checks it
Revised output
still self-certified: nothing outside looked
OUTSIDE WHAT IS CHECKED
Independent reference
oracle or record the system did not make
Independent comparison
Indexed evidence record
result, context, convention, limits
Author accountability
The author signs the claim and answers for its limits.
Put the check outside, index the claim, say what support you have.